The five fundamental principles of ethical behaviour

A reminder of what they are before the new Code of Ethics becomes effective

The nature of accountancy and the complexity of the work that accountants, tax advisers, insolvency practitioners and auditors do, means that this work needs to be trusted, and demonstrate the highest standards of professional conduct. 

The Code of Ethics and its obligations are therefore a key part of the accounting profession’s commitment to these standards. 

Early this year, Chartered Accountants Ireland (among the other professional bodies that subscribe to the IESBA Code) will be launching a new Code of Ethics. If you want to get a sneak peek at what the new Code will look like, have a look at the UK ICAEW Code here at Code of Ethics, updated from 1 January 2020

It is not expected that there will be many changes of substance to the Professional Accountancy Bodies Codes of Ethics. One of the primary differences, however, is expected to be the new style of language used in writing the Code. The purpose of this change is to make the new Code easier to navigate and to help with the understanding and application of ethical practice. For example, it will be clearer which parts of the new Code are requirements, and which are guidance.

Before this new Code comes into effect, as a reminder, let’s look at the five fundamental principles (which will remain unchanged) of the existing code. These principles govern all ethical behaviour for accountants in practice and in business and indeed accountancy students:

Fundamental Principles of Ethical Behaviour: 

  1. Integrity – to be straightforward and honest in all professional and business relationships. Integrity also means that members must not knowingly be associated with misleading information.
  2. Objectivity – not to compromise professional or business judgements because of bias, conflict of interest or undue influence of others. If undertaking an assurance engagement, members must also be and appear to be independent.
  3. Professional Competence and Due Care – to attain and maintain professional knowledge and skill at the level required to ensure that a client or employing organisation receives competent professional service, based on current technical and professional standards and relevant legislation; and act diligently and in accordance with applicable technical and professional standards.
  4. Confidentiality – to respect the confidentiality of information acquired as a result of professional and business relationships. Confidential information must not be disclosed outside the organisation without authority, unless there is a duty or right to disclose, or disclosure is in the public interest and permitted by law.
  5. Professional Behaviour – to comply with relevant laws and regulations and avoid any conduct that the professional accountant knows or should know might discredit the profession.

Please visit our website for 20 webinar topics including Investment Property Accounting, FRS 105, Common Errors in FRS 102 Accounting and the latest on FRS 105 and company law, visit our online webinar training website.

Once viewing is completed, customers will automatically receive a CPD Certificate confirming their learning.

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Auditing of Charities

Charity audits are high risk, as has been shown in the recent news story about the disciplinary action against the auditors to the former charity Console.

Auditors have always been expected to have relevant knowledge corresponding to the task in hand and it’s important to have a clear understanding of the key risks involved in auditing a charity, especially because various donor agencies such as the HSE, Tusla and Pobal, to name just a few, have high expectations of what auditors can deliver.

One of the criticisms in the 2017 CRA report on Ataxia Ireland was that it ‘did not set formal objectives for the CEO and/or perform a documented appraisal of the CEO’s performance.

One of the webinars on our site helps auditors to gather their thoughts and plan an effective audit, pinpointing the likely areas of risk including:

  • Cut-off
  • Fraud
  • Failure to report related party transactions
  • Incomplete income due to failure to invoice for services rendered or records invoice issued
  • Non-receipt of income due from funder
  • Misapplication of restricted funds

 

For the answer to this and other questions on the Audit of Charities, go to our website and download the webinar on this topic for just €45. On successful completion, receive a CPD certificate for your newly acquired knowledge. Well done!

There is an accompanying webinar on the Accounting for Charities – also for €45, or you may purchase the two at the same time for €80.

All our webinars are accessible at any time (for 12 months from date of purchase) here.

For the following ready to use charity engagement letters (in Word) available to purchase online (bulk discounts for purchases of 5 or more at the same time) please click on the relevant links:

Preparing for an Audit Quality Review Visit

As estate agents will tell you, the three most important things to do with selling your property are ‘location, location, location.’ Well, the same applies to preparing for a Quality Review visit from your professional body. The three P’s to a successful Quality Review visit are Preparation, Preparation, Preparation.

The main problem area that underpins most issues that arise in audit files is lack of written evidence, collected on an audit assignment, that is sufficient and appropriate to allow the auditor to give an audit opinion that the financial statements are true and fair.

Part of the preparation will include keeping up to date with the audit regulations, independence rules on issues like ‘long association’ and fee dependency, audit and accounting standards currently in issue and being aware of the technical arguments that may arise. To test your knowledge on one of these technical points in particular, try this question:

‘Now that Practice Note 16 (Bank Reports for Audit Purposes) has been withdrawn by the Financial Reporting Council, auditors don’t need to waste time chasing bank enquiry responses any more. True or False?’

For the answer to this and other questions on Preparing for an Audit Quality Review Visit, go to our website and download the 41-minute-long webinar, on this topic. Receive a CPD certificate for your newly gained knowledge, on successful completion.

All our webinars are accessible at any time (for 12 months from date of purchase) here.